School of english defining and nondefining relative clauses exercise school of english oficines centrals. Relative clause exercise 1 2 advanced relative clause exercise 3 4 intermediate pdf exercises. The relative pronoun can be the subject or the object of the relative clause. Relative clauses learnenglish teens british council. Have they found the prisoner who escaped last week. The house, which was built in 1883, has just been opened to the public. English esl relative clauses worksheets most downloaded. Relative pronouns and clauses in english grammar exercises. Nondefining relative clauses are placed after nouns which are definite already. Combining sentences with which, who, in which, of which, whose, whom. We could miss out the relative and the meaning would still be clear. Defining and nondefining relative clauses test english. To understand the distinctions between that and which it is necessary to understand defining restrictive and non defining non restrictive clauses learning these distinctions is one technical aspect of grammar that every user of english should understand, because it is at the root of an assortment of grammatical errors. Defining relative clauses these describe the preceding noun in such a way as to distinguish it from other nouns of the same class.
Free definingnon defining relative clauses worksheets you have reached the section devoted to defining and nondefining relative clauses which are some intimidating phrases so you might want to leave them out of your introduction and focus on the important stuff such as how to form and use them. We can use exactly the same relative pronouns in defining and non defining relative clauses. Non defining relative pronouns exercise three things about non defining relative clauses. A defining relative clause also called identifying relative clauses or restrictive relative clauses gives essential information about the noun or noun phrase it modifies, the purpose of a defining relative clause is to clearly define who or what we are talking about. Fill in the following sentences with the appropriate relative pronoun. Defining and non defining relative clauses 2 pages worksheet with grammar guide.
A defining relative clause usually comes immediately after the noun it describes. Defining and non defining relative clauses non defining relative clauses. Relative pronouns adjective clauses whose vs of which vs of whom subject exercises. Second in importance is the clause and the best way to think about clauses is as part of a sentence. Thank you for your letter, which i was very happy to get. In 1728, he went johnson had to leave oxford without a degree. Should we use a defining relative clause or a nondefining relative clause.
A collection of english esl relative clauses worksheets for home learning, online practice, distance learning and english classes to teach about. In both restrictive and non restrictive relative clauses, the relative pronoun can act as the subject or object. The relative clause is closed off by commas and is quite similar to information in brackets. The relative pronoun is the subject of the relative clause. You can see if a relative clause is defining or non defining by removing it from the sentence. Relative clauses nondefining relative clauses grammar. Turn the underlined sentence into a relative clause. Nondefining relative pronouns exercise three things about nondefining relative clauses. London, which is the capital of england, is one of the largest cities in the world. Free definingnondefining relative clauses worksheets. Exercise 1 defining relative clauses solutions oxford. Here we need the relative pronoun which, because it is a non defining relative clause and the first word after the pronoun is a verb.
Relative pronouns relative pronouns introduce relative clauses. A relative clause is an added part in a sentence that is used in relation to the main sentence. In the worksheet, students first need to decide whether the relative clause can be reduced or not, then make the necessary changes in the sentence to make it shorter. Before we can identify the differences between defining and nondefining clauses, its helpful to. This smartphone, i bought last week, takes great photos. Non defining relative clauses give additional information about people, things or places. Dec 03, 2015 defining and nondefining clauses are both types of relative clauses clauses that share some extra information about something. The boy who whom that you dont like much wants to talk to you.
Nondefining relative clauses give us extra information about someone or something. If you remove a non defining relative clause, the sentence still has the same meaning. In non defining sentences you neither omit the relative pronoun nor use that. The most important unit of grammatical organization in linguistics is the sentence. Bill clinton was the president wife was called hillary. But apart from that the two types of clauses are a little different. Grammar exercise 4 defining and nondefining relative clauses we use relative clauses to give additional information. Heres a list of all the relative clause exercises on the site.
If we take the clause out of the sentence, the sentence still has the same meaning. Non defining relative clauses defining relative clauses these describe the preceding noun in such a way to distinguish it from other nouns of the same class. Exercise 5 complete defining and non defining relative clauses with that, who or which. Relative clauses fill in the blanks, complete the sentences and choose the correct option. We dont use that in non defining relative clauses but only who for people, which for things, whose possession, and where places. Relative clauses that give additional information are called defining. My brother who lives in sidney came to see me last month. However, sometimes a relative clause is so important that the main sentence will be difficult to understand or have no meaning without it. Grammar worksheet defining and nondefining relative clauses nondefining relative clauses defining relative clauses use use we use defining relative. Relative clauses practice relative pronouns exercise 1 2 3 who vs which exercise 1 2 3 which or where exercise drag and drop exercises. Bbc learning english quiznet nondefining relative clauses.
In defining clauses, we can omit the relative pronoun in the position of object. Defining and nondefining relative clauses intermediate. In nondefining relative clauses, you cannot replace other pronouns with that. You also cannot leave out the relative pronoun in non defining relative clauses, in the way you sometimes can in defining relative clauses. Relative clauses in english exercises advanced level esl. Photocopy pdf from the oxford advanced english file. We dont need a relative pronoun, because the first word in the relative clause. Exercise school of english defining and nondefining. That cannot be used and even though there is a pronoun in the relative clause which cannot be left out because in non defining relative clauses the pronoun can never be left out. Defining and nondefinining relative clauses exercises pdf.
There are defining and non defining relative sentences. Buckingham palace, the queen of england lives, is in the. Note that defining restrictive and non defining non restrictive clauses must be introduced by the appropriate relative pronoun who, which, that, whose. In the grammar chart below, you can see the main differences between them. If the non defining relative clause were removed from the sentence, the sentence would still be grammatically correct and the meaning would not have changed, although we would have less detail. My brother who lives in cardiff is much older than me. Nondefining relative pronouns exercise cattaneodallaglio. Multiple choice, fill in the word, select from drop down levels of exercise. Heres a worksheet on reduced relative clauses for you to check your students on reduced relative clauses.
Nondefining relative clauses are not used in spoken english. But merely add something to it by giving some more information about it. The award was given to sara, whose short story impressed the judges. The first case is more formal and there we cant omit the relative, we cant use that, and we use whom instead of. Mr brown, whom we studied english with, is a very nice teacher. You also cannot leave out the relative pronoun in nondefining relative clauses, in the way you sometimes can in defining relative clauses. The sentence in italics should become the relative clause.
Dec 19, 2009 practice on the defining and non defining relative clauses. Defining vs non defining relative clauses in a defining relative clause the information is essential to identify who or what we are talking about, whereas in non defining relative clauses we just add extra the information, which is not necessary. They are seperated by commas in writing, and by a pause on either side. If you remove a defining relative clause, the sentence has a different meaning or is incomplete. Home page grammar exercises intermediate relative clause gap fill. Use relative pronouns only where necessary and remember to use commas with non defining sentences. Defining vs non defining there are two types of relative clauses, defining and nondefining. Pdf defining and nondefining relative clauses nondefining.
Defining relative clauses 1 in pdf here defining relative clauses 2 in pdf here defining relative clauses 3 in pdf here defining relative clauses 4 in pdf here go to the main relative clauses explanation page here. The punctuation is different for defining and non defining clauses. Non defining relative clauses give us extra information about someone or something. Exercises with answers and grammar rules with examples. I am looking at a woman she is looking at the water.
Lets focus on the verb look at we look at something or someone. Scribd is the worlds largest social reading and publishing site. The pronoun is required, even when it is the object of the verb in the relative clause. Displaying all worksheets related to reduced relative clauses. We cant drop the relative pronoun in this kind of clause, even if the relative pronoun is the subject of the clause. That something or someone is the object of the preposition at. Exercise 4 relative pronouns exercise 5 relative adverbs defining nondefining exercise 1 relative clauses defining or non defining. Relative clauses defining and nondefining that, which. Non restrictive relative clauses are also called non defining relative clauses. Try the given relative pronouns on the sentences below. You can use either a defining relative clause without commas or a non defining relative clause with commas.
I broke the plate which that was a wedding present. Whats the difference between defining and nondefining. Complete the sentences with relative pronouns or relative adverbs. Defining and nondefining relative clauses practice bachillerato 2 1 defining relative clauses 1 join these sentences using a relative clause. We invited the boy who tom had met the week before the party.
Free printable pdf grammar worksheets, quizzes and games, from a to z, for eflesl teachers. Relative clauses are always in the middle of a sentence. Defining clauses restrictive clauses a defining relative clause tells which noun we are talking about. Amelia, mother is from shanghai, speaks english and chinese fluently. Dublin, is the capital of ireland, is my favourite city. The information is essential in order to understand what or who is being referred to. The pronoun cannot be left out because it is the subject of the relative clause. Complete the sentences with whose, who, which, or where. In non defining relative clauses, you cannot replace other pronouns with that. My sister who is 25 years old spent her holiday in france. May 02, 20 restrictive relative clauses are also called defining relative clauses. Defining relative clauses exercise 1 make one sentence from the two short ones.
They are not essential in the sentence and can be omitted without causing confusion. Exercise 11 relative pronoun exercise 2subject pronouns or object pronouns. Defining relative clauses we use defining relative clauses to specify which person, thing or place we are talking about. Defining restrictive clauses should never be set off with commas and non defining non restrictive clauses always should. Relative clauses worksheet 1 relative pronouns use the relative pronouns in the box to complete the sentences whom that which where when whose 1. Our friends who we met at university are coming to visit next week. The pronoun can never be omitted in a nondefining relative clause. A defining relative clauses give essential information to the person or thing we are talking about. Diagonal 26, 1r 1a 0006 arcelona edifici indsor, entre ia augusta i rambla catalunya seu 1 via ugusta 6 s. Non defining relative clauses are not used in spoken english. Defining and nondefining relative clauses we use relative clauses to give additional information.
It can be used in a defining relative clause to define the noun it supports. It isnt essential for understanding who or what we are talking about. Worksheets are relative clauses work, 1 of 4 participle phrases as reduced relative clauses, relative clauses work 1, relative clauses, relative clauses part i defining non defining, more practice reducing adverb clauses answer key, extra practice reductions, grammar relative clauses work answer key when. If i want to turn these sentences into adjective clauses, i must keep the preposition the woman at whom i am looking is sitting near the ocean the water at which she is looking is blue. Reduced relative clauses worksheets lesson worksheets. The car which was a rare sports coupe was built in 1966. Defining relative pronouns exercise people that who whom owners whose things that which places where when the relative pronoun is an object, it can be omitted except with whose and where. Nondefining relative pronouns exercise autoenglish. Relative clauses worksheet relative clauses can help make a sentence clearer. Defining relative clauses exercise 3 make one sentence by changing the sentence in italics into a defining relative clause. Relative clauses are a way of giving more information about a person, thing, place, event, etc. A clause of this kind is essential to clear understanding of the noun.
Relative pronouns relative pronouns are the words that introduce relative clauses. Relative clauses defining and nondefining test english. Prepositions in relative clauses when there is a preposition in a defining relative clause this can go before the relative pronoun or at the end of the clause. We dont use that in non defining relative clauses, so we need to use which if the pronoun refers to a thing, and who if it refers to a person. Defining and nondefining relative clauses who, whom, whose, which, that. A clause of this kind is essential to the clear understanding of the noun. Defining relative clauses add essential information to the sentence.
My brother, who lives in sidney, came to see me last month. Defining relative clauses defining relative clauses carry essential information, because they identify which thing or person we are talking about, and they are used without commas this is the music which was used at the show. They can act as the subject or the object of the relative clause. Nondefining relative clauses non defining clauses add extra information. If it is possible to omit the relative pronoun, write it in brackets. Nondefining relative clauses are composed of a relative pronoun, a verb, and optional other elements such as the subject or object of the verb.
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